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Thermal Solar Collector: Evacuated Tube

 Evacuated Tube solar water heaters are made up of rows of parallel, glass tubes (sometimes also referred to as Solar  Tubes).

 Type 1 (Glass-Glass) tubes consists of two glass tubes which are fused together at one end. The inner tube is coated  with a selective surface that absorbs solar energy well but inhibits radiative heat loss. The air is withdrawn  ("evacuated") from the space between the two glass tubes to form a vacuum, which eliminates conductive and  convective heat loss. These tubes perform very well in overcast conditions as well as low temperatures. Because the  tube is 100% glass, the problem with loss of vacuum due to a broken seal is greatly minimized. Glass-glass solar tubes  may be used in a number of different ways, including direct flow, heat pipe, or U pipe configuration, using a high  efficiency heat pipe and heat transfer fin design to conduct the heat from within the evacuated tube up to the  header.
 Type 2 (Glass-Metal) tubes consist of a single glass tube. Inside the tube is a flat or curved aluminium plate which is  attached to a copper heat pipe or water flow pipe. The aluminium plate is generally coated with Tinox, or similar  selective coating.

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